矿物物理外观决定了整个电磁波谱的岩石和土壤。可见/近红外(VNIR)和短波红外(短波红外成像),许多材料吸收不同波长的辐射,让他们吸收的位置和特征鉴定特征。电子过程少~ 1.0微米波长使矿石含铁+ 3的识别。分子振动特征波长1.0 ~ 2.5微米之间的诊断等矿物质含有阴离子集团Al-OH, Mg-OH, Fe-OH,颗粒,二氧化碳,NH4和哌嗪。小在吸收带的位置和形状方面的差异与矿物成分差异和变化。成像光谱法自1980年代初以来一直被用于执行基于光谱特征矿物分布的二维映射。地质等领域的应用包括岩性映射;探索的宝贵和贱金属;和石油、天然气和地热能源勘探。校准光谱学领域起着至关重要的作用,分析和成像光谱仪数据的验证。 Spectral libraries have been measured for a variety of minerals. Imaging spectrometer datasets have been acquired around the world using airborne platforms and recent satellite systems provide spectral measurements for selected areas. Case histories will be presented demonstrating the link between laboratory, field, and imaging spectrometer data. Selected physics-based analysis methodologies will be discussed and the level of information available from the data will be demonstrated. Examples will include mineral identification and mapping in the context of hydrothermal alteration associated with active and fossil hot springs and mineral deposits. Specific mineral mapping examples will include hematite, goethite, and jarosite in the VNIR and identification and separation of calcite, dolomite, and calc-silicates along with phyllosilicates and sulfate minerals such as alunite and jaorsite using SWIR spectroscopy. Spectral variability caused by processes such as anion substitution in illite/muscovite, crystallinity in kaolinite-group minerals, and spectral mixing will also be discussed.
